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2026-02-28

去美元化?錯!北京反向囤積美元~ De-Dollarization? Wrong! Beijing Is Hoarding Dollars in Reverse

【雙魚之論】
To compete with the United States, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has long pursued de-dollarization strategies. Initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, expanding RMB cross-border settlement networks, encouraging bilateral trade in local currencies, and extending RMB loans abroad represent key efforts. However, these measures have yielded limited results, primarily due to institutional barriers: the dollar and U.S. Treasury bonds remain vastly larger in scale than those for the RMB, and Beijing's longstanding practice of heavily intervening in the RMB exchange rate makes other countries reluctant to hold or use large amounts of RMB in confidence. Nations receiving low-interest RMB loans from Beijing often immediately convert them to dollars for value preservation.

According to official Chinese data, the USD portion in reported foreign exchange reserves has not increased, and U.S. Treasury bonds holdings have even declined slightly. If the goal is to maintain exchange rate stability while advancing de-dollarization, this direction is not inherently wrong. Yet, genuine de-dollarization would logically involve gradually selling off USD assets. Paradoxically, Beijing has instead directed large state-owned commercial banks to accumulate substantial amounts of dollars on a massive scale.
By allowing large volumes of foreign exchange to shift away from formal central bank management and into holdings by other state entities, Beijing obscures the true extent of its USD positions from external observers, reducing early warning signals. This approach carries enormous risks: on one hand, it dramatically increases opportunities for corruption and private misappropriation of funds; on the other, it creates hidden channels for large-scale, unrecorded operations in financial markets in the future—even potentially launching attacks on neighboring countries' financial assets.
Overall, the CCP's management of currency and foreign exchange exhibits a striking combination of chaos and aggressiveness. To put it bluntly, it bears resemblance to how pre-World War II Japan concealed its dollar stockpiles.

為了與美國競爭,中共多年來積極推動去美元化策略。一帶一路倡議、擴大人民幣跨境結算貿易圈、鼓勵雙邊貿易使用本幣結算、對外貸放人民幣等,都是主要手段。然而這些努力效果有限,核心障礙在於制度性因素:美元及美債市場規模遠大於人民幣、北京當局長期習慣強力干預人民幣匯率,使其他國家難以放心大量持有與使用人民幣。各國擁有北京的低利人民幣立即換為美元保值。
中國官方公布的外匯存底中美元部位並未增加,甚至美債部位還略有下降——若為維持匯率穩定與去美元化的目標,方向並無錯誤。但若真心要去美元化,理應逐步賣出美元資產。更不可思議的是:北京透過國有商業銀行大規模囤積美元。
讓大量外匯脫離央行正式管理,轉由其他國有機構持有將讓外界難以即時掌握真實美元部位,降低預警的效果。此作法風險極高:一方面大幅提高貪腐與資金私用可能性;另一方面也為日後以「無官方記錄」方式,在金融市場大規模操作、甚至針對鄰國金融資產發動攻擊
中共在貨幣與外匯管理上呈現出混亂與侵略性並存的特徵,不客氣的說,很像二戰前日本隱藏其美元庫存一樣。

北京「去美元化」是假象 美學者曝:中國國銀金庫美元堆積如山    自由 20260226

《朝鮮日報》報導,近來全球金融市場傳言,中國正在加速「去美元化」行動,但有分析師指出,中國實際上正動員國有銀行掃貨,買入前所未見規模的美元

 美國「外交關係委員會」(CFR)知名經濟學家塞特瑟(Brad Setser)投書英國《金融時報》指出,「別被中國人民銀行的官方外匯存底指標給騙了」,並指出中國光在202512月就買入逾1000億美元(新台幣3.12兆元)的外匯今年1月又追加買入了約700億美元(新台幣2.18兆元),干預匯市規模創史上單月最高。

 塞特瑟指出,表面上中國人行的官方外匯存底並未大幅增加,原因是美元現金已轉移至國有商業銀行的資產負債表;換句話說,中國沒有增加官方外匯存底,取而代之的是,將美元放進了國有銀行的「金庫」

 近來,由於人民幣升值預期,促使中國出口企業開始賣出美元、買入人民幣。因此,有分析以中國減持美國公債為依據,研判中國正在推動「去美元化」。事實上,中國存放在美國境內託管機構美債持有數量確實有減少,但有分析認為,這可能只是透過美元資產比重調整,或擴大非美國託管機構的使用,來進行會計層面的轉移

 塞特瑟強調,中國減持美債持有量,只是資產多元化更換託管機構,而產生的技術性調整,整體累積外部資產的行動並未停止。據推測,在中國國有商業銀行持有的外匯資產中,有相當大部分仍是美元資產

 塞特瑟分析,只要中國想維持經常帳盈餘,堅持出口驅動的經濟結構,就很難剝離美元資產。為了維持人民幣連動美元的管理,維持出口競爭力,中國傾向於相對弱勢的人民幣,因此在結構上必須持續吸收流入市場的美元。

 塞特瑟總結指出:「美元沒有消失,只是改變它露面的位置。」

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