誰來監督「監督者」？

【縛雞之論】英文拷到 G / D 找中文翻譯
Censoring the devil’s disinformation will make the one who examines the disinformation a devil.  That is a genuine dilemma.
The democratic system needs dictatorship, or martial law, to overcome crisis, invasion, or civil war.  However, dictatorship is incompatible with democracy by its nature.  Democracy curbs the dictatorship by strict due process: temporary authorization, fixed duration, compensation afterward, etc.

歐威爾式「真理部」再現？美國設假訊息治理委員會 遭疑針對馬斯克    新頭殼 20220503

美國政府 4 月 27 日宣布，將成立「虛假訊息治理委員會」（Disinformation Governance Board），旨在打擊威脅國土安全的虛假訊息。但保守人士批評，這是美國總統拜登 ( Joe Biden ) 為了對付馬斯克打算將推特 ( Twitter ) 變成言論自由平台而採取的行動。

白宮新聞秘書莎琪 ( Jen Psaki ) 在 2 日的新聞發布會上被要求解釋國土安全部的新機構「虛假訊息治理委員會」的職責，沙琪稱該委員會繼續前總統川普在 2018 年在國安部內設立的網路安全和基礎設施安全局 ( CISA ) 的工作。

莎琪表示 :「此機構將會繼續 CISA 的工作，將有助於協調該部門與對國土構成威脅的虛假訊息相關的內部活動」，主要任務並不是判斷訊息的真假，將以無黨派和非政治的方式運作，基本上是為了協調許多正在進行的工作。

莎琪也強調，重點是威脅國土的虛假訊息，包括煽動暴力極端主義、人口販賣和其他跨國犯罪組織，以及來自外國的有害影響。

但這個「虛假訊息治理委員會」遭到了共和黨和保守派人士的抨擊，指責拜登政府打擊言論自由，並將委員會比做喬治．歐威爾 ( George Orwell ) 在其政治諷刺小說《1984》書中描述的「真理部」。

在書中，「真理部」（Ministry of Truth）是專門製造假新聞的部門，負責根據現實和宣傳需要，改寫歷史文獻、報紙和文學著作。深層涵義是指政府人為的製造真理。

在推特上也有人創建了「美國真理部」( U.S. Ministry of Truth ) 的帳號，用以諷刺拜登政府的「虛假訊息治理委員會」，在短短幾天內就達到 19.8 萬的追隨者。

美國共和黨資深國會參議員林賽·格雷厄姆（Lindsey Graham）表示 :「對許多自由主義者來說，任何《紐約時報》不同意的觀點都應該被貼上錯誤訊息的標籤」，他批評，這是一種令人錯誤和誤導的努力，目的是為阻止對政府失敗政策的批評。

共和黨眾議員安迪·比格斯（Andy Biggs）表示 :「拜登創立真理部是一種專制措施。為什麼我們就不能相信美國人可以自己判斷訊息的是非真假？」

美國獨立政府監督機構「司法觀察」（Judicial Watch）的主席湯姆·費頓（Tom Fitton）表示， 4 月 14 日瑪斯克尋求促進言論自由，宣布購買推特意向，21 日前總統歐巴馬發表演講支持政府審查言論，25 日推特董事會批准馬斯克的購買提議，27 日拜登政府宣布成立「真理部」。

費頓也表示，拜登的「真理部」是為了 2022 年和 2024 年的選舉布局，馬斯克不應該接受拜登審查委員會的任何選舉干預。

20220502白宮記者會

Q    And then, on another topic: Does the President know that DHS is putting together this Disinformation Governance Board?
MS. PSAKI:  Well, Peter, I think I would note — and I’m not sure if this has been in your reporting yet — but this is a continuation of work that was done under the prior administration — under the Trump administration — to take steps to address disinformation, address the use of disinformation in helping smugglers prompt the movement of more migrants across — to the border.

I would note that the first example given in the announcement about this was: DHS has worked to understand how, quote, “misinformation is spread by human smugglers that prey on vulnerable populations attempting to migrate to the United States.”

So, for anyone who’s out there who may be concerned about the increase in migrants to the border: This is the kind of apparatus that’s working to address disinformation —

Q    But —
MS. PSAKI:  — and, again, continuing the work of the Department of Homeland Security in 2020, something we’re currently applauding.

Q    But just in terms of what the President wants out of this, does he want the people on this board to start censoring information that is not helpful to him?

MS. PSAKI:  Well, let me be clear on exactly what this board does or what the work they’re doing does.  And in their announcement, which is publicly available on the Department of Homeland Security website for anyone to read, it says, quote, “The primary mission is to establish best practices to ensure that efforts to understand and respond to disinformation are done in ways that protect privacy, civil rights, and civil liberties, and the right to free speech.”

Q    But — okay.  There’s this woman, Nina Jankowicz, who is going to be in charge of the board.  She has said that she thinks the Hunter Biden laptop is Russian disinformation.  So, should we look forward in the future to her censoring Internet traffic about the Hunter Biden laptop?
MS. PSAKI:  I think I noted exactly what the objective of the board is, including continuing the work of the prior administration.  And the woman you noted has extensive experience and has done extensive work addressing disinformation.  She has testified before Congress, testified in Europe.  She has done — worked closely with the Ukrainians and has unique expertise, especially at this moment we’re facing.