19200209〈斯瓦巴條約〉/ Taimocracy翻譯 20240516

【雙魚之論】英文拷到 G / D 找中文翻譯
對於斯瓦巴群島私有地主要出售15000公頃土地給締約國國民或公司，最領人擔心的是條第3條（港灣建設權利）、第4條（戰時通訊）、第5條（氣象站）、第7條（徵收限制）。主要關切是中國覬覦北極。

19200209〈斯瓦巴條約〉/ Taimocracy翻譯 20240516

Treaty between Norway, The United States of America, Denmark, France, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Ireland and the British overseas Dominions and Sweden concerning Spitsbergen signed in Paris 9^th February 1920. 

The President of The United States of America; His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India; His Majesty the King of Denmark; the President of the French Republic; His Majesty the King of Italy; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan; His Majesty the King of Norway; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands; His Majesty the King of Sweden,  Desirous, while recognising the sovereignty of Norway over the Archipelago of Spitsbergen, including Bear Island, of seeing these territories provided with an equitable regime, in order to assure their development and peaceful utilisation,   Have appointed as their respective Plenipotentiaries with a view to concluding a Treaty to this effect:  The President of the United States of America: Mr. Hugh Campbell Wallace, Ambassader Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America at Paris;  His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India: The Right Honourable the Earl of Derby, K.G., G.C.V.O., C.B., His Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary at Paris;  And  for the Dominion of Canada: The Right Honourable Sir George Halsey Perley, K.C.M.G., High Commissioner for Canada in the United Kingdom;  for the Commomvealth of Australia: The Right Honourable Andrew Fisher, High Commissioner for Australia in the United Kingdom;  for the Dominion of New Zealand: The Right Honourable Sir Thomas MacKenzie, K.C.M.G., High Commissioner for New Zealand in the United Kingdom;  for the Union of South Africa: Mr. Reginald Andrew Blankenberg, O.B.E, Acting High Commissioner for South Africa in the United Kingdom;  for India: The. Right Honourable the Earl of Derby, K.G., G.C.V.O., C. B.;  His Majesty the King of Denmark: Mr. Herman Anker Bernhoft, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of H.M. the King of Denmark at Paris;  President of the French Republic: Mr. Alexandra Millerand, President of the Council, Minister for Foreign Affairs;  His Majesty the King of Italy: The Honourable Maggiorino Ferraris, Senator of the Kingdom;  His Majesty the Emperor of Japan: Mr. K. Matsui, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of H.M. the Emperor of Japan at Paris;  His Majesty the King of Norway: Baron Wedel Jarlsberg, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of H.M. the King of Norway at Paris;  Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands: Mr. John London, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of H.M. the Queen of the Netherlands at Paris;  His Majesty the King of Sweden: Count J.-J.-A. Ehrensvärd, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of H.M. the King of Sweden at Paris;    Who, having communicated their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed as follows:	美利堅合眾國總統、大不列顛與愛爾蘭及其海外領土國王陛下暨印度皇帝、丹麥國王陛下、法蘭西共和國總統、義大利國王陛下、日本天皇陛下、挪威國王陛下、荷蘭皇后陛下、瑞典國王陛下，   在承認挪威對斯匹次卑爾根群島（包括熊島）擁有主權的同時，希望這些領土能有一個公平的制度，以確保其發展和和平利用，   特委派以下全權代表，茲簽訂條約：   美利堅合眾國總統：休‧坎貝爾·華萊斯先生，駐巴黎美國特命全權大使；   大不列顛與愛爾蘭及其海外領土國王陛下：戴比爾爾勳爵，G.C.V.O.，C.B.，駐巴黎特命全權大使；   加拿大自治領代表：喬治‧賀爾賽·珀利爵士，K.C.M.G.，駐英國加拿大高級專員；   澳大利亞自治國代表：安德魯‧費雪爵士，駐英國澳大利亞高級專員；   紐西蘭自治領代表：湯馬斯‧麥肯齊爵士，K.C.M.G.，駐英國紐西蘭高級專員；   南非聯邦代表：雷金納德‧安德魯‧布蘭肯伯格先生，O.B.E.，代理駐英國南非高級專員；   印度代表：戴比爾爾勳爵，G.C.V.O.，C.B.；   丹麥國王陛下：赫爾曼·安克·貝恩霍夫特先生，駐巴黎丹麥特命全權公使；   法蘭西共和國總統：亞歷山大·米勒朗先生，總理兼外交部長；   義大利國王陛下：瑪久里諾·費拉裡斯先生，王國參議員；   日本天皇陛下：松井淳先生，駐巴黎日本特命全權大使；   挪威國王陛下：韋代爾·耶爾斯伯格男爵，駐巴黎挪威特命全權公使；   荷蘭皇后陛下：約翰·倫敦先生，駐巴黎荷蘭特命全權公使；   瑞典國王陛下：恩斯韋爾德伯爵，駐巴黎瑞典特命全權公使；   上述全權代表經交換其有效的全權證書後，達成協議如下：
Article 1.  The High Contracting Parties undertake to recognise, subject to the stipulations of the present Treaty, the full and absolute sovereignty of Norway over the Archipelago of Spitsbergen, comprising, with Bear Island or Beeren-Eiland, all the islands situated between 10 ° and 35 ° longitude East of Greenwich and between 74 ° and 81 ° latitude North, especially West Spitsbergen, North-East Land, Barents Island, Edge Island, Wiche Islands, Hope Island or Hopen-Eiland, and Prince Charles Foreland, together with all islands great or small and rocks appertaining thereto (see annexed map).	第1條 締約國承諾承認，在本條約的規定下，挪威對斯匹次卑爾根群島擁有完全和絕對的主權，包括熊島或貝倫島在內，所有位於格林威治東經10度至35度，北緯74度至81度之間的島嶼，尤其是西斯匹次卑爾根、東北地、巴倫茲島、艾奇島、維奇群島、荷普島或荷普埃蘭、查理王子島，以及所有與之相關的大小島嶼和岩石（詳見附圖）。
Article 2.  Ships and nationals of all the High Contracting Parties shall enjoy equally the rights of fishing and hunting in the territories specified in Article 1 and in their territorial waters.  Norway shall be free to maintain, take or decree suitable measures to ensure the preservation and, if necessary, the reconstitution of the fauna and flora of the said regions, and their territorial waters; it being clearly understood that these measures shall always be applicable equally to the nationals of all the High Contracting Parties without any exemption, privilege or favour whatsoever, direct or indirect to the advantage of any one of them.  Occupiers of land whose rights have been recognised in accordance with the terms of Articles 6 and 7 will enjoy the exclusive right of hunting on their own land: (1) in the neighbourhood of their habita tions, houses, stores, factories and installations, constructed for the purpose of developing their property, under conditions laid down by the local police regulations; (2) within a radius of 10 kilometres round the headquarters of their place of business or works; and in both cases, subject always to the observance of regulations made by the Norwegian Government in accordance with the conditions laid down in the present Article.	第2條 所有締約國的船舶和國民，均享有在第1條所述的領土及其領海內從事捕魚和狩獵的平等權利。   挪威有權採取或頒布適當的措施，確保上述地區及其領海的野生生物和植物資源的保護和必要的重建，但這些措施必須平等適用於所有締約國國民，不得給予任何一方任何直接或間接的優惠、特權或優待。   根據第6條和第7條經確認權利的土地佔有者，在其自己的土地上享有獨有的狩獵權：（1）在其居所、房屋、倉庫、工廠和為了開發其財產而建造的設施附近，須遵守當地警察條例；（2）在其營業場所或工廠周圍10公里範圍內，但在任何情況下都必須遵守挪威政府根據本條款制定的相關規定。
Article 3.  The nationals of all the High Contracting Parties shall have equal liberty of access and entry for any reason or object whatever to the waters, fjords and ports of the territories specified in Article 1; subject to the observance of local laws and regulations, they may carry on there without impediment all maritime, industrial, mining and commercial operations on a footing of absolute equality.  They shall be admitted under the same conditions of equality to the exercice and practice of all maritime, industrial, mining or commercial enterprises both on land and in the territorial waters, and no monopoly shall be established on any account or for any enterprise whatever.  Notwithstanding any rules relating to coasting trade which may be in force in Norway, ships of the High Contracting Parties going to or coming from the territories specified in Article 1 shall have the right to put into Norwegian ports on their outward or homeward voyage for the purpose of taking on board or disembarking passengers or cargo going to or coming from the said territories, or for any other purpose.  It is agreed that in every respect and especially with regard to exports, imports and transit traffic, the nationals of all the High Contracting Parties, their ships and goods shall not be subject to any charges or restrictions whatever which are not borne by the nationals, ships or goods which enjoy in Norway the treatment of the most favoured nation; Norwegian natiolals, ships or goods being for this purpose assimilated to those of the other High Contracting Parties, and not reated more favourably in any respect.  No charge or restriction shall be imposed on the exportation of any goods to the territories of any of the Contracting Powers other or more onerous than on the exportation of similar goods to the territory of any other Contracting Power (including Norway) or to any other destination.	第3條 所有締約國國民，均有平等自由進出第1條所述領土的水域、峽灣和港口；在遵守當地法律法規的前提下，他們可在該地毫無障礙地從事各種海事、工業、採礦和商業活動，享有絕對平等的地位。   他們在陸地和領海內從事各類海事、工業、採礦或商業事業時，也將得到同等的待遇，不得建立任何形式的壟斷。   儘管挪威可能實行沿岸航運的相關規定，但前往或來自第1條所述領土的締約國的船舶，在進出挪威港口時，有權上下載客或裝卸貨物，或出於其他目的。   各方同意，無論是出口、進口還是過境貨運，所有締約國國民、船舶和貨物，其待遇不得比挪威給予最惠國待遇的國民、船舶或貨物更差；對挪威國民、船舶或貨物的待遇，不得優於其他締約國。   對任何貨物出口至任何締約國領土，不得徵收比類似貨物出口至另一締約國（包括挪威）或其他目的地更重的費用或限制。
Article 4.  All public wireless telegraphy stations established or to be established by, or with the authorisation of, the Norwegian Government within the territories referred to in Article 1 shall always be open on a footing of absolute equality to communications from ships of all flags and from nationals of the High Contracting Parties, under the conditions laid down in the Wireless Telegraphy Convention of July 5, 1912, or in the subsequent International Convention which may be concluded to replace it.  Subject to international obligations arising out of a state of war, owners of landed property shall always be at liberty to establish and use for their own purposes wireless telegraphy installations, which shall be free to communicate on private business with fixed or moving wireless stations, including those on board ships and aircraft.	第4條 挪威政府在第1條所述領土內建立或准許建立的所有公共無線電報站，應始終以絕對平等的條件向所有國旗的船舶和締約國的國民開放通信，條件是遵守1912年7月5日《無線電報公約》或後續可能簽訂取代它的國際公約的規定。   在戰爭狀態下承擔的國際義務不受影響的情況下，土地所有人有權為自己的目的建立和使用無線電報設備，這些設備可以與固定或移動的無線電站，包括船舶和飛機上的無線電站，進行私人商務通信。
Article 5.  The High Contracting Parties recognise the utility of establishing an international meteorological station in the territories specified in Article 1, the organisation of which shall form the subject of a subsequent Convention.  Convensions shall also be concluded laying down the conditions under which scientific investigations may be conducted in the said territories.	第5條 締約國承認在第1條所述領土內建立國際氣象站的效用，其組織方式將在後續公約中確定。 同時也將締結公約，規定在上述領土內開展科學調查的條件。
Article 6.  Subject to the provisions of the present Article, acquired rights of nationals of the High Contracting Parties shall be recognised.  Claims arising from taking possession or from occupation of land before the signature of the present Treaty shall be dealt with in accordance with the Annex hereto, which will have the same force and effect as the present Treaty.	第6條 在本條款規定的前提下，承認締約國國民已取得的權利。   對於在簽署本條約之前佔用或占有土地而產生的權利要求，將根據附件中的規定處理，附件具有與本條約同等的效力和效果。
Article 7.  With regard to methods of acquisition, enjoyment and exercise of the right of owner ship of property, including mineral rights, in the territories specified in Article 1, Norway undertakes to grant to all nationals of the High Contracting Parties treatment based on complete equality and in confirmity with the stipulations of the present Treaty.  Expropriation may be resorted to only on grounds of public utility and on payment of proper compensation.	第7條 對於在第1條所述領土內的財產（包括礦產權）的取得、享有和行使所有權的方法，挪威承諾授予所有締約國國民完全平等的待遇，並符合本條約的規定。   只有出於公共利益目的，並支付適當補償，才能進行徵收。
Article 8.  Norway undertakes to provide for the territories specified in Article 1 mining regulations which, especially from the point of view of imposts, taxes or charges of any kind, and of general or particular labour conditions, shall exclude all privileges, monopolies or favours for the benefit of the State or of the nationals of any one of the High Contracting Parties, including Norway, and shall guarantee to the paid staff of all categories the remuneration and protection necessary for their physical, moral and intellectual welfare.  Taxes, dues and duties levied shall be devoted exclusively to the said territories and shall not exceed what is required for the object in view.  So far, particularly, as the exportation of minerals is concerned, the Norwegian Government shall have the right to levy an export duty which shall not exceed 1 % of the maximum value of the minerals exported up to 100.000 tons, and beyond that quantity the duty will be proportionately diminished. The value shall be fixed at the end of the navigation season by calculating the average free on board price obtained.  Three months before the date fixed for their coming into force, the draft mining regulations shall be communicated by the Norwegian Government to the other Contracting Powers. If during this period one or more of the said Powers propose to modify these regulations before they are applied, such proposals shall be communicated by the Norwegian Government to the other Contracting Powers in order that they may be submitted to examination and the decision of a Commission composed of one representative of each of the said Powers. This Commission shall meet at the invitation of the Norwegian Government and shall come to a decision within a period of three months from the date of its first meeting. Its decisions shall be taken by a majority.	第8條 挪威承諾為第1條所述的領土制定礦業法規，特別是在賦稅、稅金或任何性質的費用，以及整體或特殊勞工條件方面，必須排除任何禆利、獨占或優惠待遇，不論是為了國家利益還是任何一個締約國國民，包括挪威在內的利益。同時，還須為所有類別的受薪工作人員提供符合其身心健康和道德品德的報酬和保護。   徵收的稅款、費用和關稅，應僅用於上述領土，不得超出既定目標所需。   特別是在礦產出口方面，挪威政府有權徵收出口關稅，但不得超過前100，000噸礦產最高出口價值的1%，超過這一數量時，關稅比例將相應降低。價值將在航運季度結束時，根據平均離岸自由價格計算。   在法規生效前3個月，挪威政府將向其他締約國傳達礦業法規草案。若在此期間，一個或多個締約國提出修改這些法規的建議，挪威政府將轉告其他締約國，以便由一個由各締約國各派一名代表組成的委員會進行審議和作出決定。該委員會將應挪威政府的邀請召開，並在首次會議後3個月內作出裁決，以多數票決定。
Article 9.  Subject to the rights and duties resulting from the admission of Norway to the League of Nations, Norway undertakes not to create nor to allow the establishment of any naval base in the territories specified in Article 1 and not to construct any fortification in the said territories, which may never be used for warlike purposes.	第9條 在挪威加入國際聯盟所產生的權利和義務的前提下，挪威承諾不在第1條所述領土內建立或允許建立任何海軍基地，也不在該領土內修建任何可能被用於軍事目的的防禦工事。
Article 10.  Until the recognition by the High Contracting Parties of a Russian Government shall permit Russia to adhere to the present Treaty, Russian nationals and companies shall enjoy the same rights as nationals of the High Contracting Parties.  Claims in the territories specified in Article 1 which they may have to put forward shall be presented under the conditions laid down in the present Treaty (Article 6 and Annex) through the intermediary of the Danish Government, who declare their willingness to lend their good offices for this purpose.  The present Treaty, of which the French and English texts are both authentic, shall be ratified.  Ratifications shall be deposited at Paris as soon as possible.  Powers of which the seat of the Government is outside Europe may confine their action to informing the Government of the French Republic, through their diplomatic representative at Paris, that their ratification has been given, and in this case, they shall transmit the instrument as soon as possible.  The present Treaty will come into force, in so far as the stipulations of Article 8 are concerned, from the date of its ratification by all the signatory Powers; and in all other respects on the same date as the mining regulations provided for in that Article.  Third Powers will be invited by the Government of the French Republic to adhere to the present Treaty duly ratified. This adhesion shall be effected by a communication addressed to the French Government, which will undertake to notify the other Contracting Parties.  In witness whereof the above named Plenipotentiaires have signed the present Treaty.  Done at Paris, the ninth day of February, 1920, in duplicate, one copy to be transmitted to the Government of His Majesty the King of Norway, and one deposited in the archives of the French Republic; authenticated copies will be transmitted to the other Signatory Powers.	第10條   在締約國承認俄羅斯政府之前，俄羅斯國民和公司應享有與締約國國民相同的權利。   他們在第1條所述領土內的任何權利主張，可以通過丹麥政府作為中介提出，丹麥政府已表示願意為此提供善意協助，條件是符合本條約的規定（第6條和附件）。   本條約的法語和英語文本具有同等效力，應予以批准。   批准書應儘快存放在巴黎。   政府所在地位於歐洲以外的國家，可以通過其駐巴黎的外交代表，僅向法國共和國政府通報其批准，隨後盡快交存批准書。   就第8條的規定而言，本條約自所有簽約國完成批准之日起生效；在其他方面，則與該條所述的礦業法規同時生效。   法國共和國政府將邀請第三國正式加入本經過批准的條約。加入應通過向法國政府的通訊方式完成，法國政府將負責通知其他締約方。   以上全權代表已在此簽署本條約。   於1920年2月9日，巴黎簽訂，正本一份交挪威國王陛下政府，一份存放於法國共和國檔案館；經認證的副本將發送給其他簽約國。
Annex. 1. (1) Within three months from the coming into force of the present Treaty, notification of all claims to land which had been made to any Government before the signature of the present Treaty must be sent by the Government of the claimant to a Commissioner charged to examine such claims. The Commissioner will be a judge or juris consult of Danish nationality possessing the necessary qualifications for the task, and shall be nominated by the Danish Government. (2) The notification must include a precise delimitation of the land claimed and be accompanied by a map on a scale of not less than 1/1.000.000 on which the land claimed is clearly marked. (3) The notification must be accompanied by the deposit of a sum of one penny for each acre (40 acres) of land claimed, to defray the expenses of the examination of the claims. (4) The Commissioner will be entitled to require from the claimants any further documents or information which he may consider necessary. (5) The Commissioner will examine the claims so notified. For this purpose he will be entitled to avail himself such expert assistance as he may consider necessary, and in case of need to cause investigations to be carried out on the spot. (6) The remuneration of the Commissioner will be fixed by agreement between the Danish Government and the other Governments concerned. The Commissioner will fix the remuneration of such assistants as he considers it necessary to employ. (7) The Commissioner, after examining the claims, will prepare a report showing precisely the claims which he is of opinion should be recognised at once and those which, either because they are disputed or for any other reason, he is of opinion should be submitted to arbitration as hereinafter provided. Copies of this report will be forwarded by Commissioner to the Governments concerned. (8) If the amount of the sums deposited in accordance with clause (3) is insufficient to cover the expenses of the examination of the claims, the Commissioner will, in every case where he is of opinion that a claim should be recognised, at once state what further sum the claimant should be required to pay. This sum will be based on the amount of the land to which the claimant's title is recognised.  If the sums deposited in accordance with clause (3) exceed the expenses of the examination, the balance will devoted to the cost of the arbitration hereinafter provided for. (9) Within three months from the date of the report referred to in clause (7) of this paragraph, the Norwegian Government shall take the necessary steps to confer upon claimants whose claims have been recognised by the Commissioner a valid title securing to them the exclusive property in the land in question, in accordance with the laws and regulations in force or to be enforced in the territories specified in Article 1 of the present Treaty, and subject to the mining regulations referred to in Article 8 of the present Treaty. In the event, however, of a further payment being required in accordance with clause (8) of this paragraph, a provisional title only will be delivered, which title will become definitive on payment by the claimant, within such reasonable period as the Norwegian Government may fix, of the further sum required of him.	附件。 1. （1）在本條約生效後三個月內，在本條約簽署之前向任何政府提出的所有土地要求的通知，必須由要求國政府送交負責審查此類要求的專員。專員應由丹麥政府提名的具有丹麥國籍的法官或法律顧問，具備執行任務的必要資格。 （2） 通知必須包括對所主張土地的精確劃界，並附有不少於1/1 000 000比例尺的地圖，並在地圖上清楚地標明所主張的土地。 （3） 通知書必須附有每英畝（40英畝）土地一便士的押金，以支付審查索賠的費用。 （4） 專員有權要求索賠人提供他認為必要的任何進一步檔或資料。 （5） 專員將審查如此通知的索賠。為此目的，他將有權利用他認為必要的專家協助，並在必要時促使現場進行調查。 （6） 專員的薪酬將由丹麥政府與其他有關政府達成協議確定。處長會根據其認為有需要聘用的助理，釐定其薪酬。 （7） 專員在審查索賠後，將準備一份報告，準確說明他認為應立即承認的索賠，以及由於爭議或任何其他原因而應提交仲裁的索賠，如下文所述。本報告的副本將由專員轉交有關政府。 (8) 若根據第(3)款繳納的金額不足以支付審查權利主張的費用，專員在認為某項主張應被認可的每個案件中，都應立即指出申訴人應支付的額外金額。這一金額將根據申訴人獲得認可的土地面積而定。 若根據第(3)款繳納的金額超過了審查費用，剩餘部分將用於後面提到的仲裁費用。   (9) 自第(7)款所述報告日起3個月內，挪威政府應採取必要措施，根據本條約第1條所述領土適用或即將適用的法律法規以及第8條提到的礦業法規，為獲專員認可的申訴人頒發有效的所有權證，確保他們對所涉土地享有排他所有權。   但，若需要根據第(8)款支付額外費用，則只會發放臨時所有權證，待申訴人在挪威政府規定的合理期限內支付所需的額外金額後，才會成為永久所有權證。   總體來說，這些規定是確保獲得認可的權利主張能夠得到有效的法律保障，並由申訴人承擔相應費用。
2. Claims which for any reason the Commissioner referred to in clause (1) of the preceding paragraph has not recognised as valid will be settled in accordance with the following provisions: (1) Within three months from the date of the report referred to in clause (7) of the preceding paragraph, each of the Governments whose nationals have been found to possess claims which have not been recognised will appoint an arbitrator. The Commissioner will be the President of the Tribunal so constituted. In cases of equal division of opinion, he shall have the deciding vote. He will nominate a Secretary to receive the documents referred to in clause (2) of this paragraph and to make the necessary arrangements for the meeting of the Tribunal. (2) Within one month from the appointment of the Secretary referred to in clause (1) the claimants concerned will send to him through the intermediary of their respective Governments statements indicating precisely their claims and accompanied by such documents and arguments as they may wish to submit in support thereof. (3) Within two months from the appointment of the Secretary referred to in clause (1) the Tribunal shall meet at Copenhagen for the purpose of dealing with the claims which have been submitted to it. (4) The language of the Tribunal shall be English. Documents or arguments may be submitted to it by the interested parties in their own language, but in that case must be accompanied by an English translation. (5) Ine claimants shall be entitled, if they so desire, to be heard by the Tribunal either in person or by counsel, and the Tribunal shall be entitled to call upon the claimants to present such additional explanations, documents or arguments as it may think necessary. (6) Before the hearing of any case the Tribunal shall require from the parties a deposit or security for such sum as it may think necessary to cover the share of each party in the expenses of the Tribunal. In fixing the amount of such sum the Tribunal shall base itself principally on the extent of the land claimed. The Tribunal shall also have power to demand a further deposit from the parties in cases where special expense is involved. (7) The honorarium of the arbitrators shall be calculated per month, and fixed by the Governments concerned. The salary of the Secretary and any other persons employed by the Tribunal shall be fixed by the President. (8) Subject to the provisions of this Annex the Tribunal shall have full power to regulate its own procedure. (9) In dealing with the claims the Tribunal shall take into consideration: (a) any applicable rules of International Law; (b) the general principles of justice and equity; (c) the following circumstances: (i) the date on which the land claimed was first occupied by the claimant or his predecessors in title; (ii) the date on which the claim was notified to the Government of the claimant; (iii) the extent to which the claimant or his predecessors in title have developed and exploited the land claimed. In this connection the Tribunal shall take into account the extent to which the claimants may have been prevented from developing their undertakings by conditions or restrictions resulting from the war of 1914-1919. (10) All the expenses of the Tribunal shall be divided among the claimants in such proportion as the Tribunal shall decide. If the amount of the sums paid in accordance with clause (6) is larger than the expenses of the Tribunal, the balance shall be returned to the parties whose claims have been recognised in such proportion as the Tribunal shall think fit. (11) The decisions of the Tribunal shall be communicated by it to the Governments concerned, including in every case the Norwegian Government. The Norwegian Government shall within three months from the receipt of each decision take the necessary steps to confer upon the claimant whose claims have been recognised by the Tribunal valid title to the land in question, in accordance with the laws and regulations in force or the be enforced in the territories specified in Article 1, and subject to the mining regulations referred to in Article 8 of the present Treaty. Nevertheless, the titles so conferred will only become definitive on the payment by the claimant concerned, within such reasonable period as the Norwegian Government may fix, of his share of the expenses of the Tribunal.	2. 對於由於任何原因未被前段第（1）款提到的專員認定為有效的權利主張，將根據以下規定進行解決：   （1） 自前段第（7）款所述報告日起3個月內，各相關政府應任命一名仲裁員，代表其國民提出未獲認可的權利主張。 專員將擔任因此事組成的仲裁庭主席。若意見均等，由其決定性投票。他將任命一名秘書，負責接收第（2）款所述文件並安排仲裁庭會議。   （2） 自第（1）款所述秘書任命之日起1個月內，有關的申訴人應通過其所屬政府，向秘書提交陳述，明確說明其主張及支持文件和論證。   （3） 自第（1）款所述秘書任命之日起2個月內，仲裁庭應在哥本哈根開會，處理提交的權利主張。   （4） 仲裁庭使用英語。當事方可使用自己的語言提交文件或論點，但須附有英譯本。   （5） 申訴人有權親自或由代理人出席接受仲裁庭聽證，仲裁庭有權要求申訴人提供其認為必要的補充解釋、文件或論點。   （6） 聽取任何案件之前，仲裁庭應要求當事方繳納或提供擔保，金額由仲裁庭根據每方承擔的費用份額決定，主要依據所主張土地的範圍。仲裁庭亦有權要求當事方追加押金，以應付特殊費用。   （7） 仲裁員的報酬按月計算，由有關政府確定。秘書和其他受雇人員的薪酬由主席決定。   （8） 在遵守本附件規定的前提下，仲裁庭有權自行制定程序規則。   （9） 在處理權利主張時，仲裁庭應考慮： 　（a） 適用的國際法規則； 　（b） 正義與公平的一般原則； 　（c） 以下情況： 　　（i） 申訴人或其權利前人首次佔據所主張土地的日期； 　　（ii） 申訴人向政府提出主張的日期； 　　（iii） 申訴人或其權利前人開發和利用所主張土地的程度。就此，仲裁庭應考慮申訴人可能由於1914-1919年戰爭造成的條件或限制而無法開發其企業的程度。   （10） 仲裁庭的所有費用，由獲得認可的申訴人按仲裁庭決定的比例分擔。如第（6）款繳納的金額超過了費用，餘額將按仲裁庭認為適當的比例退還當事人。   （11） 仲裁庭的決定應通知有關政府，包括挪威政府在內。挪威政府應在收到每一決定後的3個月內，根據第1條所述領土適用或即將適用的法律法規以及本條約第8條提到的礦業法規，為獲得認可的申訴人頒發有效的土地所有權證。然而，只有在申訴人在挪威政府規定的合理期限內繳納其分攤的仲裁費用後，這些所有權證才會成為最終生效。
3. Any claims which are not notified to the Commissioner in accordance with clause (1) of paragraph 1, or which not having been recognised by him are not submitted to the Tribunal in accordance with paragraph 2, will be finally extinguished.	3. 任何未根據第1段第（1）款通知專員，或未經專員認可而未按第2段提交仲裁庭的權利主張，將最終被撤銷。

https://library.arcticportal.org/1909/1/The_Svalbard_Treaty_9ssFy.pdf