普丁邁向終身總統，等公投

【縛雞之見】

The State Duma has passed an amendment of Article 81 of the Russian Constitution, allowing Vladimir Putin to run for a new term.

The amendment should pass a referendum scheduled on April 22.

In the speech at State Duma plenary session on March 10, Putin remarked “these amendments are long overdue; they are necessary and, I believe, will be useful for Russia, for society and for our people, because they are aimed at strengthening our sovereignty, our traditions and our values”, and stressed “When a country is going through such upheavals and such difficulties (in our case we have not yet overcome all the problems since the USSR, this is also clear), stability may be more important and must be given priority. All the more so, let me repeat, when a country still has many problems.”

Putin highlighted “The President is the guarantor of the Constitution or, simply put, the guarantor of the country’s security, domestic stability and, as I said before, evolutionary development – I repeat, evolutionary development, because we have had enough revolutions. Russia has fulfilled its plan when it comes to revolutions,” and “we are not adopting a new Constitution but only important amendments, which are still separate amendments” appealing to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.

Article 81

1.  The President of the Russian Federation shall be elected for six years by citizens of the Russian Federation on the basis of universal, equal, direct suffrage by secret ballot.

2.  Any citizen of the Russian Federation not younger than 35 years of age and with a permanent residence record in the Russian Federation of not less than 10 years may be elected President of the Russian Federation.

3.  One and the same person may not be elected President of the Russian Federation for more than two terms running.

4.  The rules of electing the President of the Russian Federation shall be determined by federal law.

移除任期限制 俄通過修憲 普亭邁向終身總統    聯合 20200312

俄羅斯國會下議院十一日三讀通過總統普亭提議的修憲方案，包括讓普亭不受現行憲法的任期限制，再度競選總統。

路透報導，四百五十席的下議院有三八三位議員支持修憲方案，無人反對，四十三位議員表決時棄權，廿四人缺席。

根據現行憲法，普亭必須於二○二四年連任任期屆滿後下臺。

這已是普亭第四個總統任期，他曾在二○○八年至二○一二年讓前總理麥維德夫擔任總統，藉此避開任期限制。

普亭於今年一月宣佈將推動重大政治改革及修憲計畫。修憲案讓他得以持續掌權直到二○三六年，但他表示，他贊同於國家政治「成熟」後限制總統任期。

下議院由執政黨「團結俄羅斯黨」掌控，國會議員針對普亭的修憲方案提出一連串修正案，內容包括把俄羅斯總統任期「重設」歸零。

普亭在國會發表演說表示，「提議移除對任何人的任期限制，包括現任總統在內，原則上這個選項是可行的，但有一個條件，那就是聯邦憲法法院做出正式裁決，認定這類修憲並未抵觸憲法的原則和主要條款。」

普亭表示，美國總統小羅斯福曾擔任四屆總統，因為當時美國動盪不安，這個例子說明限制總統任期有時是多餘的。

普亭的批評者說，憲法法院鐵定會支持這類修憲，並于四月交付全民公投時過關，普亭將可再擔任連續兩個六年任期。如果他真的這麼做，且健康容許也獲選民支持，現年六十七歲的普亭掌權到二○三六年將高齡八十三歲。

反對普亭的政治人物納瓦尼表示，他認為普亭如今想成為終身總統，納瓦尼的盟友日丹諾夫則譴責此舉等同憲法政變。

俄羅斯國家杜馬10日在全會上二讀通過俄羅斯憲法修正案草案    俄羅斯衛星通訊社 20200311

普京：若憲法法院批准，現任總統可以參選

俄羅斯國家杜馬1月20日一讀通過了普京提交的憲法修正案草案。
該草案旨在完善有關憲法制度基礎以及人與公民的權利與自由的條款。
這份憲法修正案草案還引入了俄羅斯全國投票這種新程式。
俄國家杜馬以382票贊成、零票反對、44票棄權的表決結果通過了這份憲法修正案草案。
準備用於提交杜馬二讀的憲法修正案草案時，杜馬各黨團提出了近400條建議，約200條被採納，175條未被採納。