S.2962〈2018年台灣國際參與法〉草案 雲程譯

〈2018年台灣國際參與法〉草案　雲程譯

Introduced in Senate (05/24/2018)

115th CONGRESS

2d Session

S. 2962

To advocate for Taiwan’s inclusion in certain international organizations, and for other purposes.

促進將台灣納入某些國際組織，並用於其他目的。雲程譯

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

May 24, 2018

Mr. Gardner (for himself and Mr. Markey) introduced the following bill；雲程譯which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

加德納先生（他本人和馬基先生）提出以下法案，經過二讀，並提交給外交關係委員會

A BILL

To advocate for Taiwan’s inclusion in certain international organizations, and for other purposes.

法案

為主張將台灣納入某些國際組織，並用於其他目的。

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

由美國參議院和美國眾議院在國會召開的會議，

SECTION 1. 雲程譯SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the “Taiwan International Participation Act of 2018”.

第1節：短稱

該法案可被引述為〈2018年台灣國際參與法〉。

SEC. 2. 雲程譯PARTICIPATION OF TAIWAN IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.

第1節：台灣在國際組織中的參與。

(a) Findings.—Congress makes the following findings:

（a）調查結果 - 國會作出以下調查結果：

(1) The Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 (Public Law 96–8) states that it is the policy of the United States “to preserve and promote extensive, close, and friendly commercial, cultural, and other relations between the people of the United States and the people on Taiwan”.

（1）1979年〈台灣關係法〉（公法96-8）規定，美國的政策是「維持及促進美國人民與臺灣之人民間廣泛、密切及友好的商務、文化及其他各種關；」雲程譯

(2) The Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 states that it is the policy of the United States “to maintain the capacity of the United States to resist any resort to force or other forms of coercion that would jeopardize the security, or the social or economic system, of the people on Taiwan”.

（2）1979年的〈台灣關係法〉規定，美國的政策是「維持美國的能力，以抵抗任何訴諸武力、或使用其他方式高壓手段，而危及臺灣人民安全及社會經濟制度的行動。」

(3) The Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 states, “Nothing in this Act may be construed as a basis for supporting the exclusion or expulsion of Taiwan from continued membership in any international financial institution or any other international organization.”.

（3）1979年的〈台灣關係法〉規定：「本法律任何條款均不得被解釋為，美國贊成把臺灣排除或驅逐出任何國際金融機構或其他國際組織。」

(4) The United States, in the 1994 Taiwan Policy Review, declared its intention to support Taiwan’s participation in appropriate international organizations. 雲程譯

（4）美國在1994年的《台灣政策評估》中宣布，它打算支持台灣參與適當的國際組織。

(5) Taiwan is a free, democratic, and prosperous nation of 23,000,000 people and an important contributor to peace and stability around the world.

（5）台灣是一個擁有2300萬人口的自由，民主，繁榮的國家，是世界和平與穩定的重要貢獻者。

(6) Taiwan currently maintains full diplomatic relations with 19 nations around the world.

（6）台灣目前與世界上19個國家保持著全面的外交關係。雲程譯

(7) Taiwan is a full member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

（7）台灣是世界貿易組織（WTO），亞太經合組織（APEC）論壇和亞洲開發銀行（ADB）的正式成員。

(8) United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, passed on October 25, 1971, states that “the representatives of the Government of the People’s Republic of China are the only lawful representatives of China to the United Nations and that the People’s Republic of China is one of the five permanent members of the Security Council,” and Taiwan was subsequently expelled as a member of the United Nations and all United Nations bodies. 雲程譯

（8）聯合國大會1971年10月25日通過的第2758號決議規定：「中華人民共和國政府代表是中國對聯合國的唯一合法代表」，中華人民共和國是安全理事會五個常任理事國之一，台灣隨後被驅離聯合國和聯合國所有機構。

(9) The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Taiwan, David Tawei Lee, stated on September 11, 2017, “It is important to remember that, while it seated the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the UN, this resolution did not address the issue of representation of Taiwan and its people in the organization；much less did it give the PRC the right to represent the people of Taiwan.”.

（9）台灣外交部長李大維於2017年9月11日表示雲程譯，「重要的是要記住，雖然中華人民共和國在聯合國內，但這項決議沒有述及台灣及其人民在組織中的代表權問題；更未賦予中華人民共和國代表台灣人民的權利。」

(10) According to the Department of State, “[t]he United States supports Taiwan’s membership in international organizations that do not require statehood as a condition of membership and encourages Taiwan’s meaningful participation in international organizations where its membership is not possible”.

（10）根據國務院，「美國支持台灣加入不以國格作為成員條件的國際組織，並鼓勵台灣有意義地參與其無法成為會員的國際組織。」

(11) According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, “Taiwan's participation is subject to the terms of agreement or understanding reached between the Chinese Government and the parties concerned which explicitly prescribe that the People's Republic of China is a full member as a sovereign state whereas Taiwan may participate in the activities of those organizations only as a region of China under the designation of Taipei,China (in ADB) or Chinese Taipei (in APEC). This is only an ad hoc arrangement and cannot constitute a ‘model’ applicable to other inter-government organizations or international gatherings.”

（11）根據中華人民共和國外交部的說法，「台灣的參與受中國政府與相關各方達成的協議或諒解條件之約束，其中明確規定中華人民共和國主權國家的完全會員，而台灣只能作為中國的一個地區參與這些組織的活動，「中國台北」（亞洲開發銀行）或「中華台北」（亞太經合組織）。這只是一項特別安排，不能構成適用於其他政府間組織或國際集會的一般模式。」雲程譯

(12) Since the election of President Tsai Ing-wen as President of Taiwan in 2016, the Government of the People’s Republic of China has intensified its efforts to exclude Taiwan from international organizations.

（12）自2016年蔡英文總統當選台灣總統以來，中華人民共和國政府更加緊將台灣排除在國際組織之外。

(13) Taiwan has participated as an observer in the World Health Assembly (WHA), the decision-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO), from 2009 until 2017, when it did not receive an invitation.

（13）台灣作為觀察員參加了世界衛生組織決策機構世界衛生大會（WHA），從2009年至2017年，即未收到邀請。

(14) Taiwan has been an active contributor to global health challenges, including by donating $1,000,000 and providing 100,000 sets of personal protective equipment to combat the Ebola crisis in 2014. Taiwan’s request to participate in the 2016 General Assembly of the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) was rejected.

（14）台灣一直積極為全球衛生挑戰做出貢獻，包括捐贈100萬美元，並提供10萬套個人防護設備，以對抗2014年的伊波拉病毒危機。台灣要求參加2016年國際刑事警察組織大會（國際刑警組織）遭到拒絕。

(15) In May 2017, delegates from the People's Republic of China disrupted a meeting of the Kimberley Process on conflict diamonds held in Perth, Australia, until delegates from Taiwan were asked to leave.

（15）2017年5月，來自中華人民共和國的代表中斷了在澳大利亞伯斯舉行的關於衝突鑽石的「金伯利進程會議」，直到台灣代表被要求離開。雲程譯

(16) Public Law 106–137, Public Law 113–17, and Public Law 114–139 required the Secretary of State to submit a report to Congress on efforts by the executive branch to support Taiwan’s participation in international organizations, in particular the WHO, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), and INTERPOL.

（16）第106-137號公法，第113-17號公法和第114-139號公法要求國務卿向國會提交一份報告，說明行政部門為支持台灣參與國際組織，特別是世界衛生組織所做的努力。國際民用航空組織（ICAO）和國際刑警組織。

(b) Statement Of Policy. 雲程譯It should be the policy of the United States—

（b）政策聲明 – 以下應為美國的政策 -

(1) to advocate, as appropriate—

（1）適切主張─雲程譯

(A) for Taiwan’s membership in all international organizations in which statehood is not a requirement and in which the United States is also a participant； and

（A）台灣是所有不要求國格為條件之國際組織成員，而美國也是其參與者； 和

 (B) for Taiwan to be granted observer status in other appropriate international organizations;

（B）台灣在其他適當的國際組織中獲得觀察員地位；

(2) to instruct, as appropriate, representatives of the United States Government in all organizations described in paragraph (1) to use the voice and vote of the United States to advocate for Taiwan’s membership or observer status in such organizations; and

（2）在第（1）款述及的所有組織中適切指令美國政府代表，利用美國的發言和投票，來宣傳台灣在這些組織中的會員或觀察員地位；以及

 (3) for the President or the President's designees to advocate, as appropriate, for Taiwan’s membership or observer status in all organizations described in paragraph (1) as part of any relevant bilateral engagements between the United States and the People’s Republic of China, including leader summits and the U.S.-China Comprehensive Economic Dialogue.

（3）總統或總統的指定人員適切主張第（1）款所述的所有組織中台灣之會員或觀察員地位，作為美國與中華人民共和國之間任何相關雙邊約定的一部分，包括領袖峰會和美中全面經濟對話。雲程譯