海陸MCESG，顧外更顧內

【Comment】

Marine Corps Embassy Security Group

海軍陸戰隊衛兵隸屬於使館警衛隊，但在實際作業上則歸國務院「外交安全服務署」的「地區安全官」管理。Foreign Service Act (Rogers Act) of 1946

注意，其保全的，主要是內部安全，其次是公民與美國政府財產，保全目標不僅大使館，也包括領事館。

10 U.S. Code § 5983 - State Department: assignment of enlisted members as custodians of buildings in foreign countries

Upon the request of the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Navy may assign enlisted members of the naval service to serve as custodians under the supervision of the principal officer at any embassy, legation, or consulate.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 374.)

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陸戰隊員隸屬「美軍陸戰隊使館駐衛隊」（MCESG），負責美國務院駐外使領館保安任務。

MCESG約1000兵員，9個連分遣全球135國150駐點，其中東亞、太平洋18駐點，由泰國曼谷連部責任區擔綱。

美首次正式指定陸戰隊為海外使領館警衛歷史，始於1946年《外交機構法》，法案授權應國務卿要求，美海軍部長可派陸戰隊員擔任駐外機構保安隊，接受美國駐該處高級外交官監督管理。

衛戍海外館處是美軍陸戰隊特殊職位之一，首要任務是保衛美國駐外館區機密文件和設施；國內要員到訪，參與人身安保；駐點發生緊急事件須保衛僑民，並在外援抵達前固守使館。1975年西貢淪陷，最後喪命兩名美軍即使館陸戰隊員。

國府遷台後，美在台使館派有陸戰隊員駐守，1979年台美斷交撤離；2005年美方低調派武官駐進AIT，但未著制服。(中時20170217)

Marine Security Guard Program

https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2006/72238.htm

Role/Responsibility

Under the management supervision of the Diplomatic Security Service’s Regional Security Officer, a Marine Security Guard detachment’s primary mission is to provide internal security services at designated U.S. embassies and consulates in order to prevent the compromise of classified information and equipment vital to the national security of the United States.  The Marine Security Guard’s secondary mission is to protect U.S. citizens and U.S. Government property located within designated U.S. Diplomatic and Consular premises during exigent circumstances, which require immediate aid or action.

Twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, all who enter the embassy or consulate must first pass a vigilant Marine standing guard at Post 1.  Marine Security Guards ensure visitors and workers have proper identification as they enter and leave the embassy; and monitor surveillance devices, fire alarms and communications systems that cover the entire embassy.  As part of their duties, Marine Security Guards conduct inspections where classified information and equipment is stored or used to ensure proper safeguards and to detect potential security breaches.  As preparation for crises such as a fire, intruders, angry mobs, and bomb searches, Marine Security Guards regularly practice emergency REACT drills.  Should an evacuation become necessary, Marine Security Guards may assist in evacuating embassy personnel and other Americans living in the country.

History

The Marine Security Guard program in its current form has been in place since December 1948, but the Marine Corps has a long history of cooperation with the Department of State (DOS) going back to the early days of the Nation.  From the raising of the United States flag at Derna, Tripoli and the secret mission of Archibald Gillespie in California, to the 55 days at Peking, Marines have served many times on special missions as courier guards for embassies and legations, and to protect American citizens in unsettled areas.

The origins of the modern Marine Security Guard program began with the Foreign Service Act of 1946, which stated that the Secretary of Navy is authorized, upon the request of the Secretary of State, to assign enlisted Marines to serve as custodians under the supervision of the senior diplomatic officer at an embassy, legation, or consulate.  Using this Act, the DOS and Marine Corps entered into negotiations to establish the governing provisions for assigning Marine Security Guards overseas.  These negotiations culminated in the first joint Memorandum of Agreement signed on December 15, 1948.  Trained at the DOS's Foreign Service Institute, the first Marine Security Guards departed for Tangier and Bangkok on January 28, 1949.  Title 10, United States Code 5983, has since replaced the authority granted in the Foreign Service Act of 1946 and the most recent Memorandum of Agreement was signed on January 9, 2001.  The Marine Corps assumed the primary training responsibility in November 1954.

For more information: https://www.msgbn.usmc.mil/

Bureau of Diplomatic Security   https://www.state.gov/m/ds/

The Bureau of Diplomatic Security (DS) is the security and law enforcement arm of the U.S. Department of State. DS is a world leader in international investigations, threat analysis, cyber security, counterterrorism, security technology, and protection of people, property, and information.

The Bureau is responsible for providing a safe and secure environment for the conduct of U.S. foreign policy.  Every diplomatic mission in the world operates under a security program designed and maintained by Diplomatic Security.  In the United States, Diplomatic Security personnel protect the Secretary of State and high-ranking foreign dignitaries and officials visiting the United States, investigates passport and visa fraud, and conducts personnel security investigations.  Operating from a global platform in 31 U.S. cities and more than 160 foreign countries, DS ensures that America can conduct diplomacy safely and securely.  DS plays a vital role in protecting 275 U.S. diplomatic missions and their personnel overseas, securing critical information systems, investigating passport and visa fraud, and fighting the war on terror.