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2014-10-01

20140930 阿富汗:佔領結束,駐軍還在

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對美國而言,這是「敵意佔領時期」後的「友善佔領時期」,透過條約的主權行為。


美國擬於20141231日前,從阿富汗全數撤軍,不過近一年前美國與阿富汗開始討論延長駐軍的協議,這份協議終於在30完成簽署。

根據這份《雙邊安全協議》,駐阿美軍在2014年年底後將減至9800人,2015年年底前美軍人數將再減半,到2016年年底前減至一般使館駐紮人數。從明年起,駐阿美軍的主要任務為繼續反恐行動以及訓練阿富汗安全部隊。   

這份協議是剛剛宣誓就職的阿富汗總統甘尼的競選承諾之一,他表示這一協議完全出於對阿富汗和平穩定的考慮,但簽署協議並不意味阿富汗在領土主權上有所讓步,同日阿富汗還與北約駐阿富汗國際安全援助部隊簽署協議,同意德國、義大利以及土耳其等北約國家在2014年以後繼續在阿駐軍,人數約為3000人左右。此外,英國將幫助訓練阿富汗員警。   

美阿兩國早在一年前就已敲定協定內容,但由於各種原因遲遲未能完成簽署。時任阿富汗總統卡賽此前曾明確表示將把簽署環節留給繼任者。有分析稱,美軍在阿富汗的反恐行動造成大量平民傷亡,卡賽為此承受很大壓力。(國際中心/綜合外電報導)


As you all saw, the United States and Afghanistan signed the Bilateral Security Agreement today, with Ambassador James Cunningham signing on behalf of the United States and Afghan National Security Advisor Hanif Atmar signing on behalf of Afghanistan. This will enable the United States to continue our efforts to support the development of Afghanistan’s own security capabilities. With the signing of the BSA, we are planning for our post-2014 mission in Afghanistan to focus on training, advising, and assisting the Afghan National Security Forces, and supporting counterterrorism operations against the remnants of core al-Qaida.

At the beginning of 2015, the United States will have approximately 9,800 U.S. servicemembers in Afghanistan. Most of the 900 – 9,800, sorry, U.S. forces expected in Afghanistan next year will support the NATO Resolute Support Mission to train, advise, and assist Afghan Security Forces. A portion of the U.S. presence will conduct CT operations in partnership with Afghan forces aimed at preventing al-Qaida from using Afghanistan as sanctuary to plan and execute attacks on the United States. By the end of 2015, we will reduce our troop presence by roughly half and consolidate our forces in Kabul and Bagram. By the end of 2016, our military will draw down to a Kabul-based security assistance presence. I’ll quickly answer a question somebody asked yesterday about the impact of the signing now. It won’t be impacted. That will move forward.


新總統宣誓就職 阿富汗首次民主政權轉移○自由 (2014.10.01) http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1118359
〔本報訊〕歷時半年,阿富汗新任總統賈尼Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai)終於從選戰中脫穎而出,並和競爭對手阿布杜拉(Abdullah Abdullah)聯手共進,實現阿富汗首次民主政權轉移,他今天正式宣誓就職,代表國家歷史正邁向新的里程碑。

阿富汗總統大選期間傳出舞弊和重新計票爭議,世界銀行經濟專家出身的賈尼和外交部前部長阿布杜拉陷入選戰膠著,雙方互相指責,使得阿富汗的情勢一度緊張,最後在美國積極介入下,雙方決定聯手。

賈尼和阿布杜拉達成團結政府協議,商定由賈尼出任總統,阿布杜拉則獲得提名總理人選的權利,兩人成為彼此分享權利的夥伴,共同呼籲振興經濟、打擊貪腐,今天是賈尼的就職典禮,阿布杜拉陪同出席。

賈尼上任後將面臨嚴峻挑戰,包括塔利班組織的威脅和令人堪憂的國家經濟前景,外界關心的是,阿富汗是否能結束10多年來的動亂紛擾,以及如何維持與美國、北約組織的合作



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