領土解決進一步 法國要承認巴勒斯坦國

【雙魚之論】
France's recognition of Palestinian statehood poses no fundamental obstacle, as evidenced by the fact that, as of July 2025, 143 of the 193 United Nations member states (approximately 74%) have formally recognized Palestine as a sovereign state.
In 1916, the Sykes-Picot Agreement, a clandestine Anglo-French arrangement to partition the Ottoman Empire's Middle Eastern territories, designated Palestine as an "international zone" (Brown Area), ostensibly to be administered jointly by Britain, France, and Russia. However, following World War I, Britain secured formal control over Palestine through the League of Nations' Mandate for Palestine, effective in 1923. Although France did not directly govern Palestine, it consolidated its influence in the region by securing mandates over neighboring Syria and Lebanon, thereby exerting indirect geopolitical leverage over Palestinian affairs.
In 1947, the United Kingdom, as the mandatory power, referred the Palestinian question to the United Nations, resulting in Resolution 181, which proposed the partition of Greater Palestine into a Jewish state, an Arab state, and an internationally administered Jerusalem. The Jewish state materialized as Israel, but the fragmented territorial allocation for the proposed Arab state precipitated a series of conflicts involving neighboring Arab states, significantly delaying the establishment of a Palestinian state.
Over subsequent decades, Palestinian strategies evolved from reliance on militant tactics, including terrorism, to diplomatic efforts aimed at securing statehood. The Palestinian Authority has garnered widespread international recognition and achieved a status at the United Nations that surpasses that of a mere observer, approaching that of a full member state. The realization of Palestinian statehood appears to be a matter of time, progressively advancing despite persistent external disruptions.
It bears reiterating that the status of Israel, Palestine, and Jerusalem constitutes an interconnected triad, intrinsically linked to the broader issue of regional recognition of Israel. The path to peace is being incrementally forged through treaties and diplomatic recognition. However, external interference—notably Iran's support for groups such as Hamas, Hezbollah, and Yemen's Houthi movement, which engage in terrorist activities against Israel—poses significant challenges. Iran's actions are perceived to be tacitly supported by actors such as China, Russia, and North Korea, further complicating the regional dynamics.

法國承認巴勒斯坦國根本不是問題，截至2025年7月，143個聯合國會員國（193個中的74%）承認巴勒斯坦為國家。
1916年瓜分奧斯曼帝國中東領土的英法賽克斯-皮科協定（Sykes-Picot Agreement），將巴勒斯坦指定為「國際共管區」（Brown Area），由英、法、俄共同管理，但實際上英國在戰後通過國際聯盟的《巴勒斯坦託管令》（Mandate for Palestine）授權正式獲得巴勒斯坦的託管權（1923年正式生效）地位。法國雖未直接控制巴勒斯坦，但確保其在鄰近的敘利亞和黎巴嫩的託管權，間接影響巴勒斯坦的區域局勢。
1947年，作為管理當局的聯合王國已提交聯合國「大巴勒斯坦地區的分割案」（UN Resolution 181）建立：一個猶太國、一個阿拉伯國，以及一個耶路撒冷國際政權。猶太國是以色列，阿拉伯鄰國因為「阿拉伯國」分配的領土分散而打幾場戰爭，拖延了巴勒斯坦國的建國時機。
幾十年來，巴勒斯坦經歷訴諸恐怖主義，逐漸轉變為透過外交手段爭取建國。巴勒斯坦自治政府已經獲得許多國家承認，並在聯合國取得超越觀察員而接近國家會員的地位。這樣的國家建國只是時間問題，且逐漸實踐中。但總是在會有外在干擾。
再強調一次：以色列、巴勒斯坦、耶路撒冷的地位問題是綁在一起，甚至於與鄰國承認以色列也是同一個問題。這條和平路徑也是逐步透過條約與國家承認在進行中。上述所謂外在干擾是伊朗支持哈瑪斯、真主黨、葉門青年軍對以色列進行恐怖攻擊。伊朗背後，有中俄朝的影子。

法國跨出一大步 全球將有142國承認巴勒斯坦    中央社 20250724

法國總統馬克宏今天宣布，法國將在9月聯合國大會（UN General Assembly）上正式宣布承認巴勒斯坦國。屆時法國將成為承認巴勒斯坦國的最重要歐洲強權。

馬克宏（Emmanuel Macron）在社群平台X及Instagram寫道：「我已決定法國將承認巴勒斯坦國，信守對中東公正及持久和平的歷史性承諾。我將在9月聯合國大會上正式宣布。」

根據法新社統計，儘管以色列和美國強烈反對，如今包含法國在內，巴勒斯坦的國家地位已獲得142個國家承認。

馬克宏並寫道：「當務之急是結束加薩（Gaza）戰爭並拯救平民。」

巴勒斯坦自治政府（Palestinian Authority）主席阿巴斯（Mahmud Abbas）的副手謝赫（Hussein al-Sheikh）向馬克宏表達謝意。

謝赫表示：「這一立場反映出法國對國際法的承諾，以及對巴勒斯坦人民自決權及建立獨立國家的支持。」

以色列副總理李文（Yariv Levin）則抨擊法國此舉，稱這是「法國歷史上的污點、對恐怖主義的直接援助」。